Resistance exercise decreases the need for insulin in overweight women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Section snippets
Methods
A preliminary chart review showed that approximately 50% of women with GDM in the Edmonton area are prescribed insulin treatment. To calculate the sample size, it was estimated that the incidence of insulin use would need to be reduced to 25% to be considered clinically significant. For 0.8 power and an α value of .05, 32 subjects would be required, equally randomized into each of the two groups to demonstrate statistical significance.
GDM was diagnosed in accordance with the Canadian Diabetes
Results
Thirty-eight women were recruited. Because of pregnancy-induced hypertension, the physicians of three women advised against the exercise program. Two women who were assigned randomly to exercise did not enter the program. One patient dropped from the study because of time constraints. Thirty-two women completed the study.
The groups were similar in physical characteristics (Table I). The diet-alone group had a significantly higher mean prepregnant body mass (weight) compared with the
Comment
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of resistance exercise training on the requirement for insulin therapy among women with GDM. The results demonstrate that, in our sample population, resistance training did not reduce significantly the number of women who were prescribed insulin to treat persistent hyperglycemia. The power to detect a 25% difference in insulin requirement was approximately 55%. Fifty-six subjects would have been required to demonstrate that the effect that
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