Implications for practice and research

• More research should be conducted to understand the underlying mechanisms shaping the associations between professional discrimination and nursing silence.

• Rates of professional discrimination tend to be high and similar to other types of discrimination within the nursing profession.

• The environment created by nursing leadership and interdisciplinary superiors can inhibit bedside nurses’ interventions in patient safety.

• Bedside nurses risk patient safety when they feel that they cannot adequately voice their concerns to their superiors.

• Research can be expanded to include:

  • Exploration of the safety impacts the nursing workplace has on discrimination of minority patient populations.

  • If there is a correlation between the safety of minority nurses (including international …