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Q In children presenting to the emergency department with a coin lodged in the oesophagus, what are the effects of relatively immediate endoscopic removal of the coin and watchful waiting?
METHODS
Design:
randomised controlled trial.
Allocation:
{concealed}.*
Blinding:
blinded {data analysts}.*
Follow up period:
duration of hospital stay.
Setting:
an emergency department in Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Patients:
60 children ⩽21 years of age (mean age 51 mo, 52% boys) who had ingested coins that were lodged in the oesophagus. Exclusion criteria were previous tracheal or oesophageal surgery, more than minimal symptoms (respiratory distress, drooling, or choking), …
Footnotes
For correspondence: Dr M L Waltzman, Division of Emergency Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA. mark.waltzman{at}childrens.harvard.edu
Source of funding: no external funding.