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Dexamethasone reduced the incidence of children with mild croup who returned for medical care

https://doi.org/10.1136/ebn.8.2.41

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    Bjornson CL, Klassen TP, Williamson J, et al; for the Pediatric Emergency Research Canada Network. A randomized trial of a single dose of oral dexamethasone for mild croup. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1306–13.OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science

    Q Does dexamethasone reduce the incidence of children with mild croup who return for medical care more than placebo?

    METHODS

    Embedded ImageDesign:

    randomised placebo controlled trial.

    Embedded ImageAllocation:

    unclear allocation concealment.

    Embedded ImageBlinding:

    blinded (patients and data analysts).

    Embedded ImageFollow up period:

    7 days after treatment.

    Embedded ImageSetting:

    4 paediatric emergency departments (EDs) in Canada.

    Embedded ImagePatients:

    720 children (mean age 35 mo, 61% boys) with mild croup (onset of a seal like, barking cough in the previous 72 h and ⩽2 out of 17 points on a validated croup scoring system). Exclusion criteria included other respiratory disorders, severe systemic disease, immune dysfunction, corticosteroids within the previous 2 weeks, epinephrine for respiratory distress, and previous ED visit for this croup episode.

    Embedded ImageIntervention:

    single oral dose of dexamethasone …

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    Footnotes

    • For correspondence: Dr D W Johnson, Child Health Research Group, Alberta’s Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. david.johnsoncalgaryhealthregion.ca

    • Sources of funding: Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Alberta Children’s Hospital Foundation; Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute; Stollery Children’s Hospital Foundation.