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Question Can diet (National Cholesterol Education Program [NCEP] recommended diet), exercise, or both improve the lipid profiles of men and women with low concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and high concentrations of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol?
Design
Randomised controlled trial with 12 months follow up (Diet and Exercise for Elevated Risk trial).
Setting
A community based study in California, USA.
Patients
180 postmenopausal women and 197 men. Women were 45–64 years old, had HDL cholesterol concentrations <1.55 mmol/l (60 mg/dl), and LDL cholesterol concentrations from >3.23–5.42 mmol/l (>125–209 mg/dl). Men were 30–64 years old, had HDL cholesterol concentrations <1.14 mmol/l (45 mg/dl), and LDL cholesterol concentrations >3.23–4.90 mmol/l (>125–189 mg/dl). Exclusion criteria were history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or other severe illness; treatment with insulin, cardiac medications, or …
Footnotes
Source of funding: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
For correspondence: Dr M L Stefanick, 730 Welch Road, Suite B, Palo Alto, CA 94304–1583, USA. Fax +1 650 723 7018.
A modified version of this abstract appears in ACP Journal Club.