Clinical studiesRandomized trial of the effects of cholesterol-lowering dietary treatment on psychological function∗☆,
Section snippets
Participants and design
Adults with mildly or moderately raised serum cholesterol levels were referred by hospital dietetic clinics, hospital physicians, and general practitioners in London and Southeast England. Participants were required to have a serum cholesterol level >5.2 mM (198 mg/dL); no serious illness (except cardiovascular disease, for which cholesterol lowering was indicated); no current or previous (within 3 months) use of lipid-lowering medication; and physician’s permission to participate. In addition,
Results
Of the 176 participants who began treatment, 155 completed the posttreatment assessment and had attended at least four treatment sessions (Figure 1). Participants were generally middle-aged and somewhat overweight (Table 1). Nutrient analyses from the 7-day diaries showed that reported energy intakes were reasonable for adults of this age, as were levels of depression, anxiety, and aggression. There were no significant differences among the three treatment groups in any of the baseline
Discussion
The participants in this study were adults with at least mild hypercholesterolemia by UK criteria. As volunteers who agreed to participate in a relatively demanding study, participants were probably more highly motivated than the population at large, but that is true in most clinical trials. Many of the participants were already following a low-fat diet, and the recorded fat intake at baseline (32% of energy) was lower than the UK average of 39%. The dropout rate was low, partly because
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Supported by a grant from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.
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