Mean rate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Outcomes | Time of assessment | Music | No music | Mean difference (95% CI) |
*Mean difference and CI calculated from data in article. | ||||
Heart rate (beats/min) | Before surgery | 74 | 81 | 7 (1.6 to 12.4) |
During surgery | 70 | 82 | 12 (7.2 to 16.8) | |
After surgery | 68 | 78 | 10 (5.3 to 14.7) | |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Before surgery | 132 | 152 | 20 (13.3 to 26.7) |
During surgery | 128 | 156 | 28 (21.5 to 34.5) | |
After surgery | 123 | 141 | 18 (10.1 to 25.9) | |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Before surgery | 85 | 90 | 5 (1.7 to 8.3) |
During surgery | 82 | 91 | 9 (6.1 to 11.9) | |
After surgery | 68 | 75 | 7 (4.4 to 9.6) |