Test characteristics of visual inspection of urine specimen clarity (clear) for exclusion of a diagnosis of urinary tract infection*
| Method of specimen collection | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (CI) | +LR | −LR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *LR = likelihood ratio. Diagnostic terms defined in glossary. | ||||
| All specimens | 90% (73 to 98) | 82% (76 to 89) | 5.07 | 0.13 |
| Catheterised specimens | 83% (52 to 98) | 86% (75 to 94) | 6.04 | 0.19 |
| Midstream specimens | 94% (71 to 100) | 79% (68 to 88) | 4.52 | 0.07 |