TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple attempts to stop smoking, even with relapses, reduced loss of pulmonary function JF - Evidence Based Nursing JO - Evid Based Nurs SP - 90 LP - 90 DO - 10.1136/ebn.2.3.90 VL - 2 IS - 3 A2 - , Y1 - 1999/07/01 UR - http://ebn.bmj.com/content/2/3/90.abstract N2 - Murray RP, Anthonisen NR, Connett JE, et al for the Lung Health Study Research Group. Effects of multiple attempts to quit smoking and relapses to smoking on pulmonary function.J Clin Epidemiol1998 Dec; 51:1317–26.OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science Question What are the effects of multiple failed attempts to stop smoking on pulmonary function of adults? Retrospective analysis of a cohort of participants involved in a randomised controlled trial (Lung Health Study), with annual follow up for 5 years.10 clinical centres in North America.*5887 adults aged 35–60 years, who smoked and had evidence of early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ie, had an FEV1/FVC [forced expiratory volume at 1 sec/forced vital capacity] interval of ≤70%, and an FEV1 of 55–90% of predicted normal).Smoking status was assessed at baseline and at 5 annual visits thereafter. Participant reports of abstinence were confirmed by salivary cotinine concentrations (<20 ng/ml) or if nicotine substitution therapy was used, by CO concentrations (<10 ppm in end tidal … ER -