Risk of mortality following widowhood: age and sex differences by mode of death

Soc Biol. 1996 Spring-Summer;43(1-2):59-71. doi: 10.1080/19485565.1996.9988913.

Abstract

This study examines how spouses' deaths from sudden or lengthy illnesses differentially affect the mortality risks of surviving widows and widowers by age. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we find the mortality risk differs by gender, age, and type of widowhood. For nonelderly (< 65) widowers, there is an elevated risk when their wives died suddenly. For older (> or = 65) widows, the mortality risk is lower than that of comparably aged married women when their husbands died after a long-term illness. These gender, age, and mode-of-death differences are consistent with role theory and theories of social support.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Cause of Death*
  • Female
  • Gender Identity
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Psychological
  • Mortality*
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Distribution
  • Social Support
  • Widowhood / psychology
  • Widowhood / statistics & numerical data*