Randomized trial of lidocaine ointment versus placebo for the treatment of postpartum perineal pain

Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Dec;100(6):1239-43. doi: 10.1016/s0029-7844(02)02339-6.

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the efficacy of lidocaine ointment in relieving pain after a vaginal delivery with an episiotomy or perineal laceration.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 200 women received lidocaine ointment (n = 108) or a placebo (n = 92). Pain relief was assessed by the amount of ointment used (weight of jar before use - weight of jar after use), total number of pain pills used, and a pain questionnaire. The sample size was calculated using a beta of.2 and an alpha of.05 with an expected reduction of other pain medications from an average use of six pills to four pills for the population.

Results: There was no significant difference in the amount of lidocaine versus placebo used for postpartum day 1 (5.1 g versus 4.0 g, respectively [P =.13]) or day 2 (3.7 g versus 2.6 g, respectively [P =.18]). Patients receiving lidocaine instead of the placebo showed no significant difference in the total amount of postpartum pain medications (6.3 versus 6.8 tablets, respectively [P =.53]), subjective pain parameters (P =.36), or satisfaction from ointment (P =.99). Patients with an episiotomy used more pain medications than those with a laceration (7.9 versus 5.6 tablets, respectively [P =.003]). Those with minor versus major lacerations required fewer pain pills (6.1 versus 10.8 tablets, respectively [P <.001]) and used less ointment (4.3 g versus 7.9 g, respectively [P =.02]) on the first postpartum day.

Conclusion: Topical application of 5% lidocaine ointment was not effective in relieving episiotomy or perineal laceration pain.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Topical
  • Adult
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Episiotomy / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Lacerations / complications
  • Lidocaine / administration & dosage*
  • Ointments
  • Pain / drug therapy*
  • Pain / etiology
  • Pain Measurement
  • Perineum / physiopathology
  • Postpartum Period
  • Probability
  • Reference Values
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anesthetics, Local
  • Ointments
  • Lidocaine