Clinical studyIntensive smoking cessation counseling versus minimal counseling among hospitalized smokers treated with transdermal nicotine replacement: a randomized trial☆
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Patients
Between October 1997 and March 2000, we enrolled 217 men and 6 women who had been hospitalized at the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center for at least 2 days (Figure). Participants were current smokers (≥20 cigarettes during the prehospitalization week). Patients hospitalized for a psychiatric or terminal illness, or who had a contraindication to nicotine replacement, were excluded. We assessed readiness to quit using the Stages of Change model (19) and recruited participants at the
Results
There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two treatment groups (all P >0.05), although slightly more participants with coronary heart disease were assigned to the comparison group (Table 1). Participants were predominantly unmarried, white, and middle-aged. Alcohol and drug abuse and a history of depression were common. Smoking histories were also similar in the two groups. Participants were moderate-to-heavy smokers with a mean of 45 pack-years of smoking,
Discussion
We found that a hospital-initiated smoking cessation intervention that included 3 months of follow-up telephone counseling and 2 months of transdermal nicotine therapy increased long-term smoking cessation rates compared with a hospital-initiated minimal counseling intervention that included 2 months of transdermal nicotine therapy. We employed several definitions of smoking cessation. Our findings, which were based on self-reported cessation, were statistically significant, and the findings
Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge the help provided during the early part of the study by Sharon Solkowitz, MPH, and Ying Mei Tcheou, MPH.
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Cited by (0)
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This study was funded by the California Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program (Grant 6RT-0002).