Purpose and procedure:

Purpose and procedure

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 97-98. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.97

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EBN notebook:

Critical appraisal of cost-effectiveness and cost-utility studies in health care

Marta Soares and Jo C Dumville

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 99-102. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.99

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Evidence-based practice targets the individual patient. Part 1: how clinicians can use study results to determine optimal individual care

Dirk Bassler, Jason W Busse, Paul J Karanicolas, and Gordon H Guyatt

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 103-104. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.103

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Treatment:

Review: home-made and commercial spacers did not differ for delivery of inhaled β₂ agonists in children with asthma or wheezing

Roberta Heale (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 105. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.105

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A needle-free powder lignocaine delivery system reduced the pain of venipuncture in children

Helene Lacroix (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 106. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.106

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Topical aqueous 2% lignocaine eardrops reduced ear pain in children with acute otitis media

Stephanie Wright (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 107. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.107

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Review: contraceptive patch and vaginal ring are as effective as oral contraceptives

Laura Serrant-Green (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 108. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.108

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Review: evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to improve patient adherence to prescribed medications is limited

Celia E Wills (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 109. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.109

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Review: screening or case-finding questionnaires used alone are not effective for management of depression

Elizabeth McCay (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 110. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.110

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Review: preprocedure information, breast cushions, and patient-controlled breast compression reduce mammography pain

Phyllis Montgomery and Mike Conlon (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 111. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.111

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Review: reflexology improved urinary symptoms in multiple sclerosis but was not effective for other outcomes in various conditions

Angela Avis (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 112. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.112

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An automated external defibrillator in the home did not reduce all-cause mortality in patients at risk of cardiac arrest

Heather Sherrard (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 113. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.113

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Review: some interventions may reduce catheter-related bloodstream infections and colonisation in the ICU

Stephen D Krau (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 114. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.114

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Review: evidence of the effectiveness of hydrocolloids for healing pressure ulcers is limited

Carol Dealey (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 115. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.115

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Negative pressure wound therapy promoted healing of diabetic foot ulcers more than advanced moist wound therapy

Sheralee Sandison (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 116. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.116

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Review: low-molecular-weight heparin prevented recurrent VTE more than oral anticoagulants in patients with cancer

A Fuchsia Howard (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 117. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.117

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Review: walking aids, chest-wall vibration, and neuroelectrical muscle stimulation relieve breathlessness in COPD

Della Roberts and CNS End of Life Care (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 118. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.118

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Automatic stop orders reduced duration of indwelling urinary catheterisation in hospital

Jennifer Skelly (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 119. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.119

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A multifactorial intervention did not prevent falls or fractures in elderly patients during short hospital stays

Ling-Ling Lee (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 120. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.120

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Assessment (screening or diagnosis):

Review: simple questions and clinical tests are moderately useful for diagnosing urinary incontinence

Laura Robbs (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 121. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.121

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Prognosis:

Chorioamnionitis, gestational age, male sex, birth weight, and illness severity predicted positive autism screening scores in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants

Janet Pinelli and Lonnie Zwaigenbaum (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 122. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.122

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Causation:

Enalapril and captopril increased mortality compared with ramipril in elderly patients with heart failure

Elizabeth Rideout (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 123. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.123

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Quality improvement:

Protocol-directed sedation did not reduce duration of mechanical ventilation or hospital stay in ICU patients

Janette Bennett (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 124. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.124

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Qualitative:

In teenagers with diabetes, transition toward autonomy in self-management involved growth in self-reliance and support from others

Barbara Paterson (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 125. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.125

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4 themes described the experiences of patients before, during, and immediately after awake craniotomy

Rosemary Cashman (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 126. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.126

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Many patients with coronary heart disease believed that stress and lifestyle factors caused their illness

Carol Jillings (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 127. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.127

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Patients with terminal illness and their healthcare providers preferred a dosed and gradual process of truth-telling

Helen Roberts (commentator)

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 128. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.128

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Glossary:

Glossary

Evid Based Nurs 2008; 11: 128. doi:10.1136/ebn.11.4.128-a

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