Summary of efficacy data for interventions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease*
| Comparisons | RRR/RRI (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Exacerbation | Mortality | |
| *LAβ2A = long acting β2 agonist; SAβ2A = short acting β2 agonist; NA = not assessed. Other abbreviations defined in glossary; RRR, RRI, and CI calculated from data in article. | ||
| †Not significant. | ||
| LAβ2A v placebo | RRR 21% (10 to 31) | RRR 24% (−48 to 61)† |
| Tiotropium v placebo | RRR 26% (11 to 38) | NA |
| Tiotropium v LAβ2A | RRR 7% (−8 to 20)† | NA |
| Tiotropium v ipratropium | RRR 22% (5 to 37) | NA |
| SAβ2A + anticholinergic v SAβ2A | RRR 32% (9 to 49) | RRI 18% (−66 to 308)† |
| SAβ2A + anticholinergic v ipratropium | RRI 4% (−35 to 68)† | RRI 256% (−41 to 2053)† |
| Inhaled corticosteroids v placebo | RRR 24% (20 to 28) | RRR 22% (−5 to 42)† |
| Inhaled corticosteroids + LAβ2A v placebo | RRR 30% (22 to 38) | RRR 48% (−34 to 80)† |
| Inhaled corticosteroids + LAβ2A v LAβ2A | RRR 20% (10 to 29) | NA |
| Inhaled corticosteroids + LAβ2A v inhaled corticosteroids | RRR 10% (−2 to 20)† | NA |
| Pulmonary rehabilitation v usual care, placebo, or education | NA | RRR 10% (−24 to 35)† |
| Supplemental O2v usual care (patients with resting PaO2 <60 mm Hg sea level) | NA | RRR 39% (18 to 54) |
| Supplemental O2v usual care (patients with resting PaO2 ⩾60 mm Hg sea level) | NA | RRI 16% (−15 to 58)† |
| Disease management v usual care | NA | RRR 37% (−4 to 62)† |
