Review: alarm interventions reduce nocturnal enuresis in children
QUESTIONS: Do alarm interventions reduce nocturnal enuresis (bed wetting) in children? Are alarm interventions more effective than other interventions?
Data sources
Studies were identified by searching AMED (alternative medicine), ASSIA (Applied Social Science Index and Abstracts), BIDS, BIOSIS Previews (1985–96), CINAHL, DHSS Data, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica (1974–97), Medline (1966–97), PsycLIT, and SIGLE; bibliographies of relevant studies and reviews; and by contacting key organisations, manufacturers of enuresis products, researchers, physicians, psychologists, and other health professionals.
Study selection
Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials in any language were selected if they compared an alarm intervention with an appropriate control group for the treatment of non-organic nocturnal enuresis and systematically measured baseline levels of bed wetting.
Data extraction
Data were extracted on methods, inclusion criteria, participant characteristics including baseline bedwetting levels, dropouts, type of intervention, length of follow up, and outcomes. Assessment of trial quality considered allocation concealment, comparability of groups at baseline, use of a washout period in crossover …
