Review: both Gram stain and urine dipstick analysis were accurate in diagnosing urinary tract infection in children
QUESTION: How accurate are rapid diagnostic tests for diagnosing urinary tract infection (UTI) in children?
Data sources
Studies were identified by searching Medline (1966–98) using the terms urine, urinalysis, pyuria, reagent strips, bacteriuria, urinary tract infections, pyelonephritis, and terms related to a paediatric population. Reference lists of relevant studies were scanned, and experts were contacted.
Study selection
Published English language studies were selected if they reported original data; ≥1 of urine dipstick (leukocyte esterase, nitrite, or both), Gram stain of unspun urine, or enhanced urinalysis tests were used in the diagnosis of UTI; children ≤12 years of age were included or evaluated separately; urine culture was the diagnostic standard; the diagnostic standard and screening tests were done on all patients and the results were compared; and …
