Skin to skin contact with their mothers reduced pain reactions in healthy newborn infants during a heel lance
QUESTION: Does mother to infant full body contact reduce pain in newborn infants during a heel lance?
Design
Randomised (unclear allocation concealment), blinded (assessors of heart rate and crying), controlled trial.
Setting
A medical centre in Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Patients
30 healthy, full term, newborn infants (33–55 hours old, 63% girls, mean birth weight 3.3 kg). None of the infants had evidence of congenital abnormalities, medical complications, or drug exposure, and none required oxygen administration or ventilatory support. This was the initial heel lance for all of the infants. Follow up was complete.
Intervention
15 infants were allocated to skin to skin contact and 15 were allocated to no contact. 15 minutes before the heel lance, all infants had safety electrodes placed on their thoracic region for heart rate monitoring, and a warming pad was wrapped around the assigned foot. Infants in the no contact group were wrapped in their receiving blankets and placed on their sides in their bassinets. Infants in the contact group wore only a diaper and were positioned, kangaroo style, on their mothers, who were in …
