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Evid Based Nurs 3:58 doi:10.1136/ebn.3.2.58
  • Causation

Review: postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy is associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer

Age-adjusted relative risk (RR) of colon and rectal cancer for women who had ever used postmenopausal hormones compared with those who had never used hormones

Type of cancer Number of studies RR (95% CI) Heterogeneity
*Excluding studies that included premenopausal women in the “never used” group. †Significant heterogeneity existed among study results.
Colon 18 0.80 (0.74 to 0.86) p=0.02†
13* 0.76 (0.70 to 0.82) p=0.32
Rectal 10 0.81 (0.72 to 0.92) p=0.03†
7* 0.81 (CI not available) p=0.06†

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