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Diets with different targets for intake of fat, protein, and carbohydrates achieved similar weight loss in obese adults

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Question

What is the relative effectiveness for long-term weight loss of energy-reduced diets that differ in their targets for intake of fat, protein, and carbohydrates?

Methods

Design:

randomised controlled trial. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00072995.

Allocation:

concealed.

Blinding:

blinded (participants, investigators, data collectors, and outcome assessors).

Follow-up period:

2 years.

Setting:

2 university hospitals in the USA.

Participants:

811 overweight or obese adults 30–70 years of age (mean age 51 y, 64% women) with body mass index 25–40 kg/m2 (mean 33). Exclusion criteria included diabetes, unstable cardiovascular disease, and insufficient motivation.

Intervention:

assignment to 1 of 4 diets: low-fat, average-protein (20% fat, 15% protein, 65% carbohydrates) (n = 204); low-fat, high-protein (20% fat, 25% protein, 55% carbohydrates) (n = 202); high-fat, average-protein (40% fat, 15% protein, 45% carbohydrates) (n = 204); or high-fat, high-protein (40% fat, 25% protein, 35% carbohydrates) (n = 201). Daily meal plans were provided. …

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Footnotes

  • Sources of funding National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and General Clinical Research Center, National Institutes of Health.