Various interventions v no intervention or placebo for breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
| Intervention | Number of trials (n) | Effects on breathlessness at 1 day to 1 year* |
| Acupuncture | 2 (62) | Improved (1 trial, low-quality evidence) |
| Acupressure | 2 (75) | Improved (low-quality evidence) |
| Distractive auditory stimuli (music) | 6 (135) | No difference (4 trials) |
| Relaxation | 3 (72) | No difference (2 trials) |
| Walking aids | 7 (201) | Improved (5 trials) |
| Chest-wall vibration | 4 (51) | Improved (3 trials) |
| Neuroelectrical muscle stimulation | 3 (50) | Improved |
| Fan | 1 (17) | No difference |
| Counselling | 1 (177) | No difference |
| Breathing training | 2 (99) | Improved (1 trial) |
| Case management | 1 (66) | Improved |
| Psychotherapy | 2 (83) | Improved (1 trial) |
-
*Follow-up based on 18 studies.
