© 2001 Evidence-Based Nursing
Treatment
Combined permethrin (PER) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) was better than PER alone but not better than TMP/SMX alone for treating head lice infestation in children
Hipolito RB, Mallorca FG, Zuniga-Macaraig ZO, et al. Head lice infestation: single drug versus combination therapy with one percent permethrin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Pediatrics 2001 Mar;107:E30.[Medline]
QUESTION: Is combined permethrin (PER) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) better than either PER or TMP/SMX alone for treating head lice infestation (HLI)?
Randomised (unclear allocation concealment), blinded (unclear), controlled trial with 4 weeks of follow up.
3 private paediatric and family practices in San Joaquin County, California, USA.
115 children who were 2–13 years of age (70% girls) and had HLI (confirmed by inspection of scalp and hair for the presence of adult lice and nymphal stage or eggs). Children with hypersensitivity to TMP/SMX or 1% PER, or a history of parental non-compliance or neglect were excluded. 97% of children completed follow up.
For all groups, parents were instructed to wash the child's hair with regular shampoo, rinse with water, and then comb thoroughly using a LiceMeister or fine toothed comb. 39 children were allocated to 1% PER creme rinse, which was applied to the scalp and hair for 10 minutes, rinsed with water before combing, and repeated at 1 week if HLI was still evident. 36 children were allocated to TMP/SMX,
School of Nursing Elmhurst College Elmhurst, Illinois, USA
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