© 2000 Evidence-Based Nursing
EBN users' guide
Evaluation of studies of treatment or prevention interventions
Centre for Evidence Based Nursing, Department of Health Studies University of York, York, UK
In the first article in this series, we discussed how critical appraisal is an important step in evidence-based health care because some published healthcare research is too poor in quality to be safely applied to clinical practice. Critical appraisal is made easier by the availability of quality checklists, which can be used to appraise research studies systematically and efficiently. With practice, readers may no longer even need a checklist and should be able to decide whether an article is worth reading in a matter of moments.Whether your clinical question is one of treatment, diagnosis, prognosis, or causation, there are 3 fundamental questions you should apply in deciding whether the research might help us to provide better care to our patients.1
This question considers whether the results reported in the study are likely to reflect the true size and direction of treatment effect. Was the research conducted in such a
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